There is something undeniably special about a dog that looks at you with the confidence of an emperor. If you have ever met a Pekingese, you know exactly what that look feels like. These small dogs carry themselves with a dignity and self-importance that seems at odds with their diminutive size, yet it fits them perfectly. They aren’t just pets; they are little legends walking among us.
If you are considering bringing one of these “Lion Dogs” into your life, or if you simply want to understand the regal fluffball you already own, this guide is for you. We are going to take a deep dive into the fascinating world of Pekingese Dogs.
From their ancient royal history to their unique quirks and specific care needs, we will cover everything you need to know to give them the royal treatment they undoubtedly believe they deserve.
Table of Contents
The Royal History of Pekingese Dogs
To truly understand Pekingese Dogs, you have to look back—way back. These aren’t modern designer dogs. They are an ancient breed with a history steeped in legend, royalty, and Chinese culture. Their origin story is as colorful and dramatic as the dogs themselves.
For centuries, the Pekingese was the cherished companion of the imperial family of China. They were considered sacred, and stealing one was a crime punishable by death. They lived in the Forbidden City, pampered by eunuchs and treated with the utmost reverence. This history of luxury has left a permanent mark on the breed’s personality. They don’t just expect to be pampered; they believe it is their birthright.
The Legend of the Lion Dog
According to Chinese folklore, the Pekingese was created when a lion fell in love with a marmoset monkey. The lion begged the Buddha to shrink him down to the size of his beloved but asked to keep his brave lion heart and big character. The Buddha granted the wish, and the result was the Pekingese—a dog with the courage of a lion in the body of a toy dog.
While this is just a beautiful myth, it perfectly captures the essence of the breed. Pekingese Dogs really do seem to possess a “lion heart.” They are fearless, often unaware of their small size, and possess a glorious mane of fur that resembles their wild namesake.
Journey to the West
For a long time, Pekingese Dogs were unknown to the Western world. They remained hidden behind the palace walls until 1860, when British troops stormed the Summer Palace in Beijing during the Opium Wars. The imperial family had fled, but an aunt of the Emperor remained behind with five of her beloved Pekingese.
These five dogs were taken back to England. One was even gifted to Queen Victoria, who named it “Looty.” This introduction to British royalty sparked a fascination with the breed across Europe and eventually America. While they are no longer restricted to palaces, they have never lost that air of aristocracy.
Understanding the Pekingese Personality
If you are looking for a dog that will fetch a ball for hours or obey your every command instantly, the Pekingese might not be for you. These dogs are independent thinkers with a complex personality that is both affectionate and aloof.
Loyal but Independent
Pekingese Dogs are fiercely loyal to their owners. They form deep bonds with their “chosen person” and can be quite possessive. However, this loyalty doesn’t translate to subservience. They are independent souls who like to do things on their own terms.
They are often described as cat-like in their behavior. They will come to you for cuddles when they want them, not necessarily when you call them. This independence is part of their charm. They aren’t needy; they are companions who see themselves as your equal (or perhaps your superior).
A Big Attitude in a Small Package
Don’t let their size fool you. Pekingese Dogs make excellent watchdogs. They are naturally suspicious of strangers and will bark to alert you of anything unusual. They are brave to the point of foolhardiness and won’t back down from a challenge, even if the “challenger” is a dog ten times their size.
This boldness means they need protection from themselves. You must be the one to ensure they don’t get into trouble with larger dogs who might not appreciate their bossy attitude.
The “Peke” Stubbornness
Training a Pekingese can be an exercise in patience. They are intelligent, but they often ask, “What’s in it for me?” If they don’t see a good reason to do something, they simply won’t do it.
This isn’t stupidity; it’s stubbornness. Traditional repetitive drills won’t work. You have to make training fun and rewarding. They respond best to praise and treats, but if you try to force them, they will dig their heels in. A Pekingese who decides not to walk will simply lie down and refuse to move, a behavior familiar to many amused owners.
Physical Traits and Appearance
Pekingese Dogs are unmistakable. They are a toy breed, typically weighing between 7 and 14 pounds. Their bodies are surprisingly heavy and muscular for their size, described as “pear-shaped” with a heavy front and lighter hindquarters. This gives them their characteristic “rolling” gait, which is dignified and unhurried.
The Famous Coat
The crowning glory of the Pekingese is its profuse double coat. It consists of a thick, soft undercoat and a long, coarse, straight outer coat. The hair forms a magnificent mane around the neck and shoulders, enhancing the lion-like appearance.
Their coat comes in all colors and patterns, from gold and red to black, white, and sable. Many have a black mask on their face, which highlights their large, dark, soulful eyes.
The Flat Face (Brachycephalic Traits)
Pekingese Dogs are a brachycephalic breed, meaning they have a flat face and a short nose. This distinctive look is adorable but comes with health implications. Their nasal passages are short, which can make breathing difficult, especially in hot weather or during intense exercise.
Because of this facial structure, they are prone to snoring, snorting, and wheezing. While these sounds can be endearing, it is important to monitor their breathing to ensure they aren’t in distress.
Caring for Your Pekingese: Grooming
Owning a Pekingese means committing to a significant grooming routine. That beautiful coat doesn’t stay that way on its own. If you neglect it, it will quickly become a matted mess that is painful for the dog and difficult to fix.
Daily Brushing is Essential
Ideally, you should brush your Pekingese daily, or at least every other day. You need to brush all the way down to the skin to prevent the undercoat from matting. A slicker brush and a metal comb are essential tools.
Pay special attention to the areas behind the ears, under the legs, and around the tail, as these spots mat most easily. Mist the coat lightly with water or a grooming spray before brushing to prevent hair breakage.
Facial Care
The folds of skin on a Pekingese’s face need regular cleaning. Moisture and dirt can get trapped in these wrinkles, leading to infections. Use a damp cloth or a specialized canine facial wipe to gently clean the folds daily, and make sure to dry them thoroughly afterward.
Their eyes are large and prominent, making them vulnerable to irritation. Check their eyes daily for redness or discharge and gently wipe away any “sleep” from the corners.
To Clip or Not to Clip?
Some owners choose to keep their Pekingese in a “puppy cut,” where the hair is trimmed short all over. This significantly reduces the grooming maintenance and can be more comfortable for the dog in hot weather. However, purists argue that the long coat is essential to the breed’s identity. The choice depends on your lifestyle and how much time you can dedicate to brushing.
Exercise and Energy Levels
Unlike many other small breeds, Pekingese Dogs are not high-energy athletes. They are quite content to be lap dogs. However, this doesn’t mean they don’t need exercise. Like all dogs, they need physical activity to stay healthy and mentally stimulated.
Short, Cool Walks
A couple of short walks each day are usually sufficient for a Pekingese. Around 20 minutes per walk is a good target. They enjoy sniffing and exploring their environment at a leisurely pace. They are not jogging partners.
Because of their flat faces, they are very sensitive to heat. You must be extremely careful exercising them in warm weather. In the summer, walk them early in the morning or late in the evening when it is cooler. If it’s hot and humid, indoor play is a safer option.
Indoor Play
Pekingese Dogs can get a lot of their exercise indoors. Playing with toys, gentle fetch games in the living room, or even just following you around the house can help burn off calories. They are playful but not hyperactive.
Because of their long backs, you should discourage them from jumping on and off high furniture. Jumping can put stress on their spine and lead to back injuries, which are a concern for the breed. Using doggy steps or ramps for the couch and bed is a great way to protect their backs.
Health Considerations
Pekingese Dogs are generally sturdy little dogs with a lifespan of 12 to 15 years. However, their unique physical structure predisposes them to certain health issues that owners need to be aware of.
Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome
As mentioned earlier, their short faces can cause breathing difficulties. This condition varies in severity. Some dogs just snore, while others may require surgery to open their nostrils or shorten their soft palate to breathe comfortably. Always keep them cool and avoid stress.
Eye Problems
Their large, protruding eyes are vulnerable to injury. They can scratch their eyes on bushes or furniture, leading to corneal ulcers. They are also prone to conditions like dry eye and progressive retinal atrophy. Regular vet check-ups are crucial to catch eye issues early.
Back Issues (IVDD)
Pekingese Dogs are a chondrodystrophic breed (short legs, long body), which puts them at risk for Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD). This is a condition where the discs between the vertebrae can bulge or burst, pressing on the spinal cord.
Symptoms range from pain and reluctance to move to paralysis. To prevent this, keep your dog at a healthy weight to reduce strain on the spine, and as mentioned, minimize jumping.
Training Tips for the Independent Thinker
Training a Pekingese requires a shift in mindset. You aren’t giving orders; you are making requests of a dignitary. If you approach training with humor and patience, you can achieve great results.
Positive Reinforcement is Key
The only way to train a Pekingese effectively is through positive reinforcement. They are highly food-motivated. Use high-value treats (like small pieces of chicken or cheese) to make it worth their while.
Praise them lavishly when they get it right. They have sensitive egos and do not respond well to scolding or harshness. If you get angry, they will likely just tune you out or become defensive.
Socialization is Crucial
Because they are naturally suspicious of strangers and other dogs, early socialization is vital. Introduce your Pekingese puppy to many different people, sounds, and safe dogs while they are young.
This helps curb their tendency to be overly protective or barky. A well-socialized Pekingese is a confident and polite companion, rather than a snappy or fearful one.
Housebreaking Challenges
Small breeds can be harder to housebreak, and the Pekingese is no exception. Their small bladders mean they need to go out frequently. Furthermore, if it is raining or cold, they might refuse to go outside.
Consistency is your best friend here. Establish a routine and stick to it. Crate training can be very helpful in teaching them bladder control. Be patient—it might take a little longer than with other breeds, but they will get there.
Is a Pekingese Dog Right for You?
Pekingese Dogs are not the “everyman” dog. They are a specific taste for a specific type of owner. They are best suited for:
- Adult households or families with older children: They generally don’t have the patience for the erratic movements and rough handling of toddlers.
- Seniors and retirees: Their lower exercise needs and loving companionship make them excellent pets for older adults.
- Apartment dwellers: They are quiet indoors and don’t need a big yard, making them perfect for city living.
- People who love grooming: If you find brushing a dog relaxing and bonding, you will love caring for a Pekingese coat.
- Owners who appreciate a character: If you want a dog with a distinct personality, opinions, and a funny, regal attitude, you will adore them.
They might not be the right fit if:
- You want a jogging partner: They physically cannot keep up and it is dangerous for their health.
- You want a dog that obeys instantly: They are too independent for strict obedience work.
- You are away from home for long periods: They crave companionship and can suffer from separation anxiety.
- You don’t have time for grooming: Their coat requires significant upkeep.
A Royal Companion for Life
Living with a Pekingese is a unique experience. They bring a touch of elegance and history into your home, along with a lot of love and laughter. There is something deeply touching about the way these proud little dogs devote themselves to their owners.
Yes, they can be stubborn. Yes, they require a fair bit of grooming. But in return, you get a loyal protector, a comforting lap warmer, and a constant source of amusement. They are dogs who know their worth, and if you treat them with the respect they demand, they will reward you with a heart full of love.
If you are ready to welcome a little emperor or empress into your home, Pekingese Dogs offer a companionship like no other. Just remember: in their eyes, they aren’t your pet. You are their staff. And honestly, once you fall in love with that squashed little face, you wouldn’t have it any other way.
